Replacement of Cement in Concrete

Cement is a binding material, a substance that sets and hardens independently, and can bind other materials together. In ancient civilization the binding materials were of traditional type such as jaggery, lead, jute, rice husk etc, now in modern civilization cement is main binding materials. The use of concrete containing high volume fly-ash has recently gained popularity as a resource efficient, durable and sustainable option for variety of concrete application. The use of fly ash in concrete at proportions ranging from 30 percent to 65 percent of total cementitious binders has been studied extensively over the last twenty years. Due to some of its drawbacks we have replaced the cement by HIGH VOLUME FLY-ASH AND LIMESTONE. These two materials reduce green house gas emission proportionately and result in a more “green concrete”, through reduction of energy consumptions (energy required to produce cement) and prevent the depletion of natural resources. Our aim was to achieve the target strength of M40 grade, replacing cement by high volume fly ash and lime as per the normal mix design (using 53 grade of cement). We have achieved M40 target strength by replacing cement about 75 percent of its mass by fly-ash and lime. In this context cost analysis of mix design and the properties of the design are also studied. As compared to original mix design of M40 grade concrete i.e. cent percent cement, we have reduced the cost up to 40 percent by 75 percent replacement of cement by HVFA and LIMESTONE.